Modern English Biography (volume 1 of 4) A-H

CROSS, John Henry. b. London; connected with the Religious tract society more than 40 years; wrote for it 609 separate publications (majority being small books for children), total circulation of which amounted to nearly 80,000,000 copies, selections from them have been translated into 30 languages; edited the Child’s Companion 33 years, the Tract magazine 6 years. d. Lougborough road, Brixton 5 Feb. 1876 aged 72.

CROSS, John Kynaston (son of John Cross of Gartside house, Bolton). b. 13 Oct. 1832; a merchant at Manchester and a cotton spinner at Bolton; M.P. for Bolton 4 Feb. 1874 to 18 Nov. 1885; under sec. of state for India, Jany. 1883 to July 1885; author of Imports, exports and the French treaty 1881 in Cobden Club Papers; hanged himself at Fernclough, Heaton, Bolton 20 March 1887.

CROSS, Mary Ann (youngest child of Robert Evans 1773–1849, surveyor to Sir Roger Newdigate of Arbury hall, Warws.) b. Arbury farm, parish of Chilvers Coton, Warws. 22 Nov. 1819; ed. at Nuneaton and Coventry; removed with her father to Foleshill road, Coventry, March 1841; lived at 142 Strand, London as assistant editor of Westminster Review Sep. 1851 to Oct. 1853; lived with George Henry Lewes at Holly lodge, Wandsworth 1859–60, at 16 Blandford sq. Regent’s park 1860–63, and at The Priory 21 North bank, St. John’s Wood 1863–78, G. H. Lewes d. 28 Nov. 1878, she proved his will 16 Dec. 1878; founded George Henry Lewes studentship worth nearly £200 a year to be held for 3 years by some student occupied in physiological investigation 1879; published The life of Jesus critically examined by D. F. Strauss, translated from the fourth German edition 3 vols. 1846 anon.; The essence of Christianity by Ludwig Feuerbach translated from the second German edition by Marian Evans 1854; author of the following works under pseudonym of George Eliot: Scenes of clerical life 2 vols. 1858, Adam Bede 3 vols. 1859, The mill on the Floss 3 vols. 1860, Silas Marner the weaver of Raveloe 1861, Romola 3 vols. 1863, Felix Holt the Radical 3 vols. 1866, The Spanish Gypsy, a poem 1868, Agatha, a poem 1869, Middlemarch a study of provincial life 4 vols. 1871–72, The legend of Jubal and other poems 1874, Daniel Deronda 4 vols. 1876, Impressions of Theophrastus Such 1879, How Lisa loved the King 1883, Essays and leaves from a Note-Book 1884. (m. 6 May 1880 under name of Mary Ann Evans Lewes, John Walter Cross of Weybridge, Surrey). d. 4 Cheyne walk, Chelsea 22 Dec. 1880. bur. by side of G. H. Lewes in Highgate cemetery 29 Dec. portrait of her by Sir Frederick Burton in National portrait gallery. The life of George Eliot by J. W. Cross 3 vols. 1884, 2 portraits; George Eliot by Mathilde Blind 1883; G. W. Cooke’s George Eliot, critical story of her life 1883; Our living poets by H. B. Forman (1871) 467–500; Biographical sketches by C. K. Paul (1883) 141–70; Westminster Review, Jany. 1882 pp. 65–71.

CROSS, Philip Henry Eustace. L.R.C.S. Ireland 1848; assistant surgeon 1 West India regiment 3 April 1849; surgeon 97 foot 7 Sep. 1855; surgeon 13 foot 16 June 1857 to 19 Nov. 1858; staff surgeon 19 Nov. 1858; served in the Crimean war; surgeon major 27 Feb. 1872 to 14 April 1875 when he retired; slowly murdered his first wife Mary Lawson Cross by giving her doses of arsenic and strychnine, she d. at Shandy hall, Cork 2 June 1887, (m. (2) 17 June 1887 his governess Miss Skinner); found guilty of murder 17 Dec. 1887, hanged in Cork gaol 10 Jany. 1888. Pall Mall Gazette 10 Jany. 1888 p. 7, col. 2.

CROSSE, Andrew (elder son of Richard Crosse of Fyne court, Broomfield, Somerset). b. Fyne court 17 June 1784; ed. at Rev. Mr. Seyer’s school, The Fort, Bristol 1793–1802, caned on an average 3 times a day for 7 years; gentleman commoner at Brasenose coll. Ox. 1802, B.A. 1806; experimented on electro-crystallisation; observed appearance of insect life in metallic solutions supposed to be destructive to organic life 1837, the publication of this discovery gained him great notoriety. d. in the room in which he was born at Fyne Court 6 July 1855. Memorials scientific and literary of Andrew Crosse the electrician by C. A. H. Crosse 1857; H. M. Noad’s Manual of Electricity, 4 ed. (1855) 173–77, 256, 378–83, 390, 401; Letters of H. G. Atkinson to Harriet Martineau (1851) 361–67.

CROSSE, Thomas Bright (only son of Thomas Ikin). b. 1796; ed. at Trin. coll. Cam., B.A. 1817; assumed surname of Crosse 8 Sep. 1828; sheriff of Lancashire 1837; M.P. for Wigan 1 July 1841 to April 1842 when unseated on petition. d. 75 Cambridge terrace, Hyde park, London 21 March 1886.

CROSSLEY, Sir Francis, 1 Baronet (youngest son of John Crossley of Halifax, carpet manufacturer, who d. 17 Jany. 1837). b. Halifax 26 Oct. 1817; carpet manufacturer at Dean Clough mills, Halifax, the largest concern of the kind in the world; M.P. for Halifax 1852–59, for west riding of Yorkshire 1859–65, for north west riding 1865–68, for north division of west riding 1868 to death; mayor of Halifax 1849 and 1850; founded 21 almshouses at Halifax 1855; donor of the People’s park, Halifax at cost of £41,300, opened 14 Aug. 1857, where a statue of him was erected 14 Aug. 1860; created baronet 23 Jany. 1863; author of Canada and United States 1856. d. Belle Vue, Halifax 5 Jany. 1872, personalty sworn under £800,000, 27 May 1872. Thrift by S. Smiles (1875) 205–17; Enoch Mellor’s A true life 1872; Illust. news of the world iii (1859), portrait; Family Friend 1 March 1870 pp. 39–43, portrait; I.L.N. lx, 55, 57, 587 (1872), portrait.

CROSSLEY, James (son of James Crossley of Halifax, clothing merchant 1767–1831). b. The Mount, Halifax 31 March 1800; articled to Thomas Ainsworth of Manchester, attorney 1817; partner in firm of Ainsworth, Crossley and Sudlow at Manchester 1823–24 when Ainsworth died, partner in firm of Crossley and Sudlow 1824–60 when he retired; pres. of Incorporated Law Assoc. of Manchester 1840 and 1857; pres. of Manchester Athenæum 1847–50; pres. of Chetham Soc. Dec. 1847 to death, this society was mooted at his house in Booth st. Piccadilly early in 1843 and founded at the Chetham library 23 March 1843; F.S.A. 16 Dec. 1852; member of Surtees Soc. 1858, vice pres. 1861; pres. of Spencer Soc. 1866; the first pres. of Record Soc. 1878; one of chief contributors to Retrospective Review 1820; collected a library of 100,000 volumes, part of which was sold at Manchester, May 1884, and the remainder in London, July 1884 and June 1885; edited for the Chetham Soc. Potts’s Discovery of witches in the county of Lancaster 1845; The diary and correspondence of Dr. John Worthington 2 vols. 1847–55; author of Vade-Mecum to Hatton 1867 privately printed. d. the Stocks house, Cheetham hill road, Manchester 1 Aug. 1883. bur. Kersal church 6 Aug. Palatine note book iii, 221–29 (1883), portrait; J. Evans’s Lancashire authors and orators (1850) 67–72; W. Smith’s Old Yorkshire iii, 49, portrait; Antiquarian Mag. iv, 198–202 (1883); Bibliographer, Sep. 1883, pp. 97–9; Manchester Guardian 2 Aug. 1883, p. 6, cols. 1–5; Momus 11 March 1880, portrait.

Note.—He is described under the initial C in an article called The Theatre in W. H. Ainsworth’s “December Tales” 1823 pp. 165–79, the article was written by J. P. Aston author of Sir John Chiverton.

CROSSLEY, John (brother of Sir Francis Crossley 1817–72). b. Halifax 16 May 1812; mayor of Halifax 1849, 1850, 1861 and 1862; M.P. for Halifax 3 Feb. 1874 to Feb. 1877; built with his brothers Sir F. Crossley and Joseph Crossley (who d. 14 Sep. 1868) the Crossley Orphan house and school on Skircoat Moor about 1861. d. Broomfield, Halifax 16 April 1879. Weekly Welcome (1879) 357–8, portrait.

CROSSLEY, John Sydney. b. Loughborough 25 Dec. 1812; engineer to Leicester Canal company 1832; resident engineer to Midland Railway company 1857, engineer in chief 1858 to April 1875; M.I.C.E. 1 March 1859. d. Barrow upon Soar 10 June 1879. Min. of proc. of Instit. of C.E. lviii, 341–43 (1879).

CROWDER, Sir Richard Budden (eld. son of Wm. Henry Crowder of Montagu place, London). b. London 1796; ed. at Eton and Trin. coll. Cam.; barrister L.I. 25 May 1821; went Western circuit; Q.C. 1837; recorder of Bristol, Aug. 1846 to April 1854; counsel of the Admiralty and judge advocate of the Fleet, Aug. 1849 to March 1854; M.P. for Liskeard 3 Jany. 1849 to March 1854; justice of Court of Common Pleas, March 1854 to death; serjeant at law, March 1854; knighted at St. James’s palace 3 May 1854. d. 17 Carlton house terrace, London 5 Dec. 1859. Traits of character by a contemporary i, 251–82 (1860); Eton portrait gallery (1876) 445–47.

CROWDY, Charles (3 son of James Crowdy of Highworth, Wilts. solicitor). b. Highworth, March 1786; entered navy 7 Sep. 1799; captain 13 Jany. 1834; placed on retired list 1 July 1851; retired admiral 18 Oct. 1867. d. Pittville lawn, Cheltenham 17 May 1870.

CROWDY, John. b. Lewknor, Oxon. 6 Jany. 1834; foreign editor of the Guardian 1854 to death; editor successively of The Choirmaster, The Musician, The Musical Standard, and The Artist from its commencement 15 Jany. 1880; published The church choirmaster 1864; A free chant service 1865; A recitative service 1865; A short commentary on Handel’s The Messiah 1875; author of a system of recitative for psalms and canticles in Congregational worship called ‘Free Chant’, designed to provide for an undisturbed delivery of the words with suitable musical chords or cadences without necessity of signs. d. Addlestone, Surrey 12 Jany. 1883. The Artist 1 Feb. 1883 pp. 45, 48.

CROWE, Catherine Ann (dau. of John Stevens of Clarges street, Piccadilly, London). b. Englefield Green, Kent 1790; lived in Edinburgh many years; a disciple of George Combe; one of the persons to whom authorship of The Vestiges of Creation was attributed 1841; author of Aristodemus, a tragedy 1838, anon.; The adventures of Susan Hopley 3 vols. 1841, a dramatic version of this novel entitled Susan Hopley or the vicissitudes of a servant girl by Dibdin Pitt was produced at the Victoria theatre, London 31 May 1841 and played more than 300 nights; Men and women, or manorial rights 3 vols. 1843; The Seerest of Prevorst, translated from Kerner 1845; The story of Lilly Dawson 2 vols. 1847; The night side of nature, or Ghosts and ghost seers 2 vols. 1848, several eds.; Light and darkness or mysteries of life 3 vols. 1850; The adventures of a beauty, a novel 3 vols. 1852; The cruel kindness, a drama in 5 acts performed at Haymarket theatre, June 6, 1853; Linny Lockwood 2 vols. 1853; Spiritualism and the age we live in 1859; Adventures of a monkey 1861 and many books for children. (m. Oct. 1822 in London, lieut.-col. John Crowe who d. 7 March 1860). Resided at 22 Sandgate road, Folkestone, where she became bedridden and died of natural decay on 14 June 1872; Her son and only child Capt. John William Crowe is resident Leonard lodge, Dover road, Folkestone 1888. Victoria Mag. xxxiii, 35–44 (1879); Colburn’s New monthly mag. xcvi, 439–45 (1852).

CROWE, Eyre Evans (son of David Crowe, captain in H.E.I.Co.’s army). b. Redbridge, Southampton 20 March 1799; ed. at Carlow and Trin. coll. Dublin; Paris correspondent of Morning Chronicle 1832–44, joined staff of Daily News 1846, editor 1849–51; author of The pleasures of Melancholy, and a Saxon tale 1819; To-day in Ireland 1825; Yesterday in Ireland 1829; The History of France 3 vols. 1830–31 and Lives of Foreign Statesmen 1833 both in Lardner’s Cabinet Cyclopædia; Connemara 1843; Charles Delmer, a story of the day 1853; The Greek and the Turk or powers and prospects in the Levant 1853; History of the reigns of Louis xviii and Charles x 2 vols. 1854; The History of France 5 vols. 1858–68. d. 56 Beaumont st. Marylebone, London 25 Feb. 1868.

CROWE, John. Ensign 32 foot 7 Aug. 1800, captain 30 May 1805 to 4 May 1826; major on h.p. 4 May 1826; served in Peninsula, July 1811 to end of the war 1814; lieut.-col. 10 Jany. 1837; retired 1846; K.H. 1837. d. Fairlea villa near Bideford 7 March 1860 aged 77.

CROWE, Sir John Rice. Served in the Russian navy 6 years; British vice-consul at Hamerfest in Norway, May 1824, consul there 14 March 1837; consul general in Norway 16 Aug. 1843 to 2 April 1875 when he retired on a pension; C.B. 5 Dec. 1859; knighted at Windsor Castle 7 July 1874. d. near Christiania 10 Jany. 1877 aged 84. Times 24 Jany. 1877 p. 6, col. 4.

CROWFOOT, Rev. John Rustat (son of Wm. Henchman Crowfoot of Beccles, Suffolk, surgeon). b. Beccles, 21 Feb. 1817; ed. at Eton and Caius coll. Cam., 12 wrangler 1839, B.A. 1839, M.A. 1842, B.D. 1849, fellow of his college 1840–52; C. of Eynesbury, Hunts. 1840–47; C. of St. Mary the Great, Cam. 1852–54; P.C. of Southwold, Suffolk 1854–60; V. of Wangfordcum-Reydon, Suffolk 1860 to death; published Remarks on the University of Cambridge 1848; Academic notes on Holy Scripture 1st series 1850; Plea for a colonial college at Cambridge 1854; Fragmenta Evangelica 1870; Observations on the collation in Greek of Cureton’s Syriac Fragments of the Gospels 1872. d. Wangford vicarage 18 March 1875.

CROWLEY, Abraham. Head of brewing firm of A. Crowley and Co. at Alton, Hants.; many refreshment houses were established in London and other places which especially supplied Crowley’s ales; built and supported a British school for 150 girls at Alton 1845. d. Alton 6 May 1864 aged 70. Hampshire Chronicle 14 May 1864 p. 5.

CROWLEY, Nicholas Joseph (3 son of Peter Crowley of Dublin). b. Dublin 6 Dec. 1819; a pupil of Royal Dublin Society; exhibited 46 pictures at the R.A. 1835–57; member of Royal Hibernian academy 1838; painted several portraits of Daniel O’Connell 1844; painted ‘Taking the Veil’ for St. Vincent’s hospital, Dublin 1845, in the background of this picture there is a portrait of himself; many of his pictures were engraved and lithographed. d. 13 Upper Fitzroy st. London 4 Nov. 1857.

CROWLEY, Peter O’Neill (son of Mr. Crowley of Ballymacoda, co. Cork, tenant farmer). b. Ballymacoda 23 May 1832; a farmer; joined the Fenian movement; one of the party who attacked Knockadoon coastguard station 5 March 1867; mortally wounded in a fight with the constabulary in Kilclooney wood, co. Cork 31 March 1867. d. Mitchelstown 31 March 1867. bur. at Ballymacoda 2 April. John Savage’s Fenian heroes and martyrs (1868) 262–66, 273–80.

CROWTHER, Rev. Jonathan (son of Rev. Timothy Crowther of St. Austell, Cornwall, methodist minister 1757–1829). b. St. Austell 31 July 1794; ed. at Kingswood school, Gloucs.; head master Woodhouse Grove school near Bradford 1814–16; head master of Kingswood sch. 1823; general superintendent of Wesleyan missions in India 1837–43; classical tutor in Wesleyan Theological Institution at Didsbury, Lancs. 1849; edited London Quarterly Review; author of The Methodist manual 1810, 2 ed. 1811; A defence of the Wesleyan Theological institution, 3 ed. 1834; Sermons 1839. d. at house of Rev. Wm. Williams at Leeds 16 Jany. 1856. The Pulpit iv, (1825), portrait; Slugg’s Woodhouse Grove school (1885) 92–6.

CROZIER, Richard (eld. son of Rawson Bodham Crozier of West hill, Freshwater, Isle of Wight 1775–1849). b. 26 Aug. 1803; entered navy 1 Nov. 1813; captain 20 March 1839; admiral on h.p. 1 April 1870; K.T.S. May 1824. d. Westhill 3 Feb. 1880.

CROZIER, William. Studied at St. Bartholomew’s hospital; M.R.C.S. 1839, F.R.C.S. 1862; assistant surgeon H.E.I. Co. 1842; professor of anatomy and physiology at the Medical college, Calcutta 1855 to death. d. on board P. and O. steamer Simla on his way to England 19 Nov. 1862 aged 45.

CRUCHLEY, George Frederick. Publisher, mapseller, engraver and printer at 38 Ludgate st. London to 1833, at 81 Fleet st. 1833–76; sold his entire stock at Hodgsons 16 Jany. 1877. d. 65 Grand parade, Brighton 16 June 1880 in 84 year.

CRUICKSHANK, Brodie. Author of Eighteen years on the gold coast of Africa 2 vols. 1853. d. Lisbon 17 Nov. 1854.

CRUIKSHANK, George (younger son of Isaac Cruikshank of London, caricaturist, who d. 1810 or 1811). b. Duke st. Bloomsbury, London 27 Sep. 1792; employed to complete the plates left unfinished by Gillray 1811; illustrated the political pamphlets of Wm. Hone 1819–21; published Illustrations of phrenology 1826; Illustrations of time 1827; illustrated Fielding, Smollett and Goldsmith for Roscoe’s Novelist’s Library 17 vols. 1831–2; illustrated the Comic Almanac 1835–53; Bentley’s Miscellany 14 vols. 1837–41; Ainsworth’s Magazine 1842–45; published The Bottle 8 plates 1847 and The Drunkard’s Children 8 plates 1848 many thousands of which were sold in a few days, the subject was represented at 8 London theatres at once; a student at the R.A. 22 April 1853; produced the Worship of Bacchus 1862, presented to National gallery by public subscription 1869; granted civil list pension of £95, 19 June 1867; many of his works were purchased by the Westminster Aquarium for £2500 July 1876. d. 263 Hampstead road, London 1 Feb. 1878. bur. Kensal Green cemetery 9 Feb., removed to St. Paul’s cathedral 29 Nov. 1878. Life by W. B. Jerrold, 2 ed. 1883; George Cruikshank the artist by W. Bates, 2 ed. 1879; G. W. Reid’s Descriptive catalogue of the works of G. Cruikshank 3 vols. 1871; W. Thornbury’s British Artists ii, 55–69 (1861); W. M. Rossetti’s Fine Art (1867) 277–82; P. G. Hamerton’s Etching and etchers (1876) 316–23; James Grant’s Public characters ii, 236–51 (1841); G. Cruikshank’s Omnibus (1842) 1–8, portrait; Temple Bar lii, 499–516 (1878); Illustrated Review iii, 385–91 (1873), portrait.

CRUIKSHANK, Isaac Robert (brother of the preceding). b. Duke st. Bloomsbury, London 27 Sep. 1789; a midshipman in H.E.I. Co.’s service; made water colour drawings for private patrons; caricaturist and miniature painter; insolvent Dec. 1826; illustrated Pierce Egan’s Life in London 1821 (the 3 chief characters in which Tom, Jerry and Logic he designed from himself, his brother George and Pierce Egan) and The Finish 1831; Westmacott’s English Spy 1825; Cumberland’s British theatre 39 vols. 1823–31 and many other books. d. of bronchitis at 206 Pentonville road, Islington, London 13 March 1856. George Daniel’s Love’s last labour not lost (1863) 173–76.

CRUM, Walter (2 son of Alexander Crum of Thornliebank near Glasgow, merchant manufacturer). b. Glasgow 1796; scientific chemist and manufacturer at Glasgow; member of Philosophical Soc. of Glasgow 1834, pres. 1852; F.R.S. 29 Feb. 1844; pres. of Anderson’s Univ. Glasgow; best known for his successful efforts to place the arts of dyeing and calico printing on a scientific basis; the first person to give the true formula for gun cotton. d. The Ronken, Thornliebank near Glasgow 5 May 1867. Proc. of Royal Soc. xvi, 8–10 (1868).

CRUMMER, James Henry. b. Birr, King’s county; ensign 28 foot July 1805, captain 20 July 1815 to 1 March 1839 when placed on h.p.; served in Peninsular war 1809–14; commandant of Island of Calamo 1822–27; police magistrate and superintendent of convicts at Newcastle, N.S.W. 1837–49; police magistrate of Maitland 1849–58 and of Port Macquarie 1858–64. d. Port Macquarie 29 Dec. 1867.

CUBBON, Sir Mark (son of Rev. Thomas Cubbon). b. 1785; lieut. 15 Madras N.I. 20 July 1801; joint comr. of Mysore 1831–34, sole comr. 17 May 1834 to Feb. 1861; col. of 15 Madras N.I. 8 Oct. 1839 to death; L.G. 11 Nov. 1851; C.B. 4 Feb. 1856, K.C.B. 26 May 1856. d. at Suez on his way home 23 April 1861 in 77 year, there is a fine equestrian statue of him at Bangalore where the Cubbon park is named after him. Rice’s Mysore and Coorg 1877 passim; J. F. Higginbotham’s Men whom India has known, 2 ed. (1874) 96–7.

CUBITT, Joseph (only son of Sir Wm. Cubitt 1785–1861). b. Horning, Norfolk 24 Nov. 1811; assistant to his father 1832–43; constructed great part of London and South Western railway 1838–41, Great Northern railway 1846–50 and London, Chatham and Dover railway 1855–64; built new Blackfriars bridge, London 1865–69 opened by the Queen 6 Nov. 1869; M.I.C.E. 1840, vice pres. 1865. d. 7 Dec. 1872. Min. of proc. of Instit. of C.E. xxxix, 249–51 (1875).

CUBITT, Thomas (son of Jonathan Cubitt of Buxton near Norwich, who d. 1807). b. Buxton 25 Feb. 1788; a master carpenter in London 1809; built London Institution, Finsbury Circus 1815–19; built over large portion of the Five Fields, Chelsea 1824–29; covered with mansions, district between Eaton sq. and the Thames since known as Pimlico; built over Clapham park about 250 acres 1824; constructed about 1000 yards of embankment above Vauxhall bridge at his own expense; built large factory at Thames Bank, burnt down 17 Aug. 1854; church of St. Barnabas, Ranmore near Dorking was built at his cost 1859; A.I.C.E. 1839. d. Denbies near Dorking 20 Dec. 1855. Min. of proc. of Instit. of C.E. xvi, 158–62 (1857); J. S. Bright’s Dorking (1884) 133–6; G.M. xlv, 202–205 (1856).

Note.—His will the longest on record extended to 386 Chancery folios of 90 words each and covered 30 skins of parchment; the personalty exceeding £1,000,000 the probate duty was £15,000.

CUBITT, Sir William (son of Joseph Cubitt of Bacton Wood near Dilham, Norfolk, miller). b. Dilham 1785; a millwright at Horning, Norfolk; invented and patented self regulating windmill sails 1807; employed by Ransome and Son of Ipswich, agricultural implement makers 1812–21, a partner 1821–26; invented the treadmill 1817, at once adopted in chief gaols of the U.K.; a civil engineer in London 1826–58; designed the Oxford canal and Liverpool junction canal; constructed South Eastern railway 1836–46, blew down face of the Round Down Cliff with a monster charge of 18,000 pounds of gunpowder which he exploded by galvanism 26 Jany. 1843; superintended construction of Great Exhibition 1851 for which he was knighted at Windsor Castle 23 Oct. 1851; M.I.C.E. 1823, member of council 1831, vice pres. 1836, pres. 1850–52; F.R.S. 1 April 1830. d. Clapham Common, London 13 Oct. 1861 in 77 year. Min. of proc. of Instit. of C.E. xxi, 554–58 (1862); Our iron roads by F. S. Williams, 2 ed. (1883) 123–26; I.L.N. ii, 76–7 (1843).

CUBITT, William (brother of Thomas Cubitt 1788–1855). b. Buxton near Norwich 1791; served in the navy 4 years; builder in Gray’s Inn road, London to 1851; M.P. for Andover 29 July 1847 to July 1861 and 17 Dec. 1862 to death; contested City of London 29 July 1861; sheriff of London and Middlesex 1847–49; alderman of Langbourn ward 1851–63, lord mayor 1860–62; pres. of St. Bartholomew’s hospital; prime warden of Fishmongers’ Company; A.I.C.E. 22 Jany. 1833, member of council 1842–43. d. Penton lodge, Andover 28 Oct. 1863. G.M. xvi, 120–2 (1864); I.L.N. xxxvii, 435 (1860), portrait.

CUFF, James Dodsley (son of Mr. Cuff of Corsley near Warminster, Wilts. yeoman). Clerk in Bank of England about 1805 to death, clerk in bullion office there 1825 to death; an original member of Numismatic Society of London 1836; collected coins for 40 years which were sold for £7054, 29 June 1854; F.S.A.; contributed descriptions of coins to a supplement to Ainslie’s Illustrations of the Anglo-French coinage 1830. d. Prescott lodge, Clapham new park, London 28 Sep. 1853 in 73 year. Numismatic Chronicle xvii, 15 (1855); Journal of British Archæol. Assoc. x, 122 (1855).

CUFFE, Sir Jonah Denny Wheeler, 1 Baronet (elder son of Sir Richard Wheeler, knight, who took name of Cuffe). b. 1765 or 1766; student at Lincoln’s Inn 17 May 1790; created a baronet of Ireland 1 Oct. 1799. d. Leyrath, co. Kilkenny 9 May 1853.

CUITT, George (only son of George Cuitt of Richmond, Yorkshire, painter 1743–1818). b. Richmond, Oct. 1779; a landscape painter; a drawing master at Chester 1804; resided at Masham, Yorkshire 1820 to death; published Etchings of ancient buildings in Chester, castles in North Wales etc. 1816; Wanderings and pencillings amongst the ruins of the olden time, a series of 23 etchings 1848, reissued 1855 and many other etchings. d. Belle Vue, Masham 15 July 1854. G.M. xlii, 311 (1854).

CULLEN, His Eminence Cardinal Paul (son of Hugh Cullen of Prospect near Ballytore, co. Kildare, farmer). b. Prospect 29 April 1803; ed. at Ballytore and Carlow college; entered Urban college of the Propaganda at Rome 29 Nov. 1820; ordained priest 1829; vice rector of the Irish college in Rome 1829, rector 1832–48; rector of the Propaganda college, May 1848 to Jany. 1849; archbishop of Armagh 19 Dec. 1849; consecrated in church of St. Agatha of the Goths, Rome 24 Feb. 1850; presided over national synod held in the college at Thurles, Aug. 1850 being first held in Ireland since convention of Kilkenny 1642; translated from Armagh to Dublin 3 May 1852; created a cardinal priest with title of San Pietro in Montorio 22 June 1866 being first Irishman raised to that rank; founded Catholic University of Ireland at Drumcondra 20 July 1862; presided at synod of Maynooth Sep. 1875; author of Pastoral Letters 1852–56. d. 59 Eccles st. Dublin 24 Oct. 1878. bur. beneath high altar in chapel of Clonville college 29 Oct. P. J. O’Byrne’s Lives of the Cardinals (1879) 13–28, portrait; Sir C. G. Duffy’s League of North and South (1886) 136, 171–75, 301–81; M. Comerford’s Collections (1883) 188–91; J. E. Cairnes’s Political Essays (1873) 263 etc.; I.L.N. lxxiii, 421 (1878), portrait.

CULLEN, William. Second lieut. Madras artillery 1804, colonel 1 Oct. 1842 to death; L.G. 11 Nov. 1851. d. Alleppey, Madras 1 Oct. 1862.

CULLENFORD, William. b. Halesworth, Suffolk, Jany. 1797; acted in the provinces; first appeared in London at Adelphi theatre 30 Sep. 1836 as Wharton in The Christening; acted chiefly at Adelphi and Haymarket to July 1864 when he retired; a founder of Royal general theatrical fund 16 Feb. 1839, sec. of the fund 16 Feb. 1839 to death. d. Jasmine cottage, New Maiden, Surrey 6 Sep. 1874.

CULLIMORE, Isaac. b. Ireland 1791; an original member of Numismatic Society 1836; he devoted his whole life to study of Egyptian antiquities, one of the first Orientalists who made use of astronomy to fix important dates in ancient history; published 174 plates of oriental cylinders or seals from collections in British Museum, in parts 1842–52; author of Pharoah and his Princes in Syro-Egyptian Soc. Papers vol. 1, 1845. d. Clapham, London 8 or 12 April 1852. Numismatic Chronicle xv, 22 (1853); W. H. Ward’s article on Babylonian seals in Scribner’s Mag. Jany. 1887.

CULSHA, Rev. Edward Widt (only son of Edward Culsha of Islington, London). Matric. from Magd. hall, Ox. 20 May 1846 aged 19, B.A. 1850, M.A. 1854; C. of Little Malvern, and Head Master of Colwall gram. sch. Herefordshire 1855 to death; author of Antar and other poems 1852; Eastern lands and Eastern people 1861. d. Colwall 11 Jany. 1863.

CULVERWELL, Robert James. b. 13 July 1802; L.S.A. 1824, M.R.C.S. 1827, M.D. Giessen 1841; edited a monthly periodical entitled Leisure Moments from April 1850 to 1852, 3 vols.; had a museum of 1000 specimens of morbid pathology; proprietor of The Argyll Baths, 10 Argyll place and 5 New Broad st. London; author of A practical treatise on bathing 1829; On consumption 1834, 2 ed. 1842; The Confessional 1841; Guide to health and long life 1844, 2 ed. 1852; The enjoyment of life 1850; Fragments from the mountains 2 vols. 1855; What to eat, drink and avoid, and many other medical books. d. 10 Argyll place, Regent st. London 9 Dec. 1852. The life of Dr. Culverwell written by himself (1852), portrait.

CUMBERBATCH, Abraham Carlton. Attached to consulate at Paris 1825–28; vice consul at Constantinople 24 Aug. 1830, consul general there 3 May 1845 to 30 Nov. 1864 when he retired; C.B. 7 April 1866. d. Heron court, Richmond, Surrey 25 Oct. 1875.

CUMBERLAND, Charles Brownlow. b. 1801; ensign 35 foot 21 Dec. 1820; lieut.-col. 96 foot 22 July 1842 to 8 July 1856 when he retired on full pay with hon. rank of M.G. d. 21 Milverton crescent, Leamington 27 Nov. 1882.

CUMBERLAND, Frederic William. b. London 1820; ed. at collegiate school, Dublin and King’s college, London; appointed to engineering department of the Admiralty 1844; architect at Toronto, Canada 1847 to death; constructed Ontario, Simcoe, and Huron railway 1852–54; designed University of Toronto 1859 said to be finest specimen of Norman Gothic architecture in America; organized in Toronto a regiment afterwards called Royal Grenadiers 1861, colonel 1861–64; represented Algoma district in legislature of Ontario 1867 and in Dominion parliament 1871. d. Toronto 5 Aug. 1881.

CUMBERLAND, John. Publisher in London; published Cumberland’s British Theatre, printed from the acting copies as performed at the Theatres Royal, London, 39 vols. 1823–31; Cumberland’s Minor Theatre 14 vols. 1831–32, these two series were republished in 64 or 65 vols. 1838; foreman of the jury at coroner’s inquest on body of Colonel Fawcett killed by Lieut. Munroe in a duel 1 July 1843. d. 185 Camden road, London 13 June 1866 in 79 year.

CUMBERLAND, Octavius. b. 1810; entered navy 16 April 1825; captain 29 Sept. 1855; retired R.A. 25 Aug. 1873; C.B. 2 June 1869. d. New hall, Penicuik, Edinburgh 6 Aug. 1877.

CUMBERLAND, Richard Francis (son of Richard Cumberland, officer in 3 foot guards). b. 1792; a page of honour; ensign 3 foot guards 27 Jany. 1809, lieut. 25 Dec. 1813 to 1825 when he sold out; aide-de-camp to Duke of Wellington in principal actions in Peninsular war 1812–14; wounded at repulse of French sortie from Bayonne. d. Royal Mint, London 9 March 1870.

CUMBERLEGE, Edward Altham. Colonel Bengal infantry 4 Feb. 1861; L.G. 17 Sep. 1871. d. 23 Burlington road, Westbourne park, London 28 Dec. 1873 aged 70.

CUMING, Hugh. b. West Alvington, Kingsbridge, Devon 14 Feb. 1791; apprenticed to a sail maker; went to South America 1819; in business at Valparaiso 1819–26; cruised in the South Pacific and along Western coast of America collecting plants and shells 1826–29; cruised among islands of Philippine group where he collected 130,000 specimens of dried plants 1835–39; his collection of shells the largest and most valuable private one in existence contained 30,000 species and varieties; G. B. Sowerby named a genus of bivalved shells Cumingia after him 1833; F.L.S. d. 13 Gower st. London 10 Aug. 1865. Athenæum 19 Aug. 1865 pp. 247–8; Proc. of Royal Linnæan Soc. (1865–6) 57–9.